The AE Lock will last as long as the Meter Timer, but if it is overridden by the screen timeouts, then you will also need to adjust the Power saving settings on the SetUp2 menu to at least match those of the Meter Timer. You have three settings under Power Saving for Display off, Auto power off and Viewfinder off. Display Off can go up to 30 mins, which is also as high as Meter Timer will go. However you will have to switch Auto power off to Disable to get to 30 mins on the display, as the highest selectable Auto power off is 10 mins. Increasing all of these is going to up the battery consumption, but if you need the longer AE lock times then you'll have to accepts it will use more power.
Just checked the factory defaults for Display off and Auto power off and they are both 1 minute, viewfinder is 3 minutes. If you've not changed these form the defaults then I'm not sure what is causing the AE Lock to reset.